But moose, which are believed to have crossed over from Siberia just 70,000 years ago, have not developed the defense mechanisms that deer have, and the parasites can damage their brains, nervous systems and livers. Moose pick them up the same way - by eating snails while browsing. Liver flukes start in the liver, but end up back in snails by the same route. After hatching, the larvae move through the digestive tract and out in feces, where they are picked up again by snails. Two of those parasites are problematic - brainworm and liver flukes - and both spend part of their lives in slugs and snails.ĭeer eat the snails and slugs while browsing, and the microscopic brainworms make their way to the outside of the deer’s brain, where they lay the eggs. Deer are native to the southern part of the North American continent, and over hundreds of thousands of years, they evolved to withstand the parasites they carry. “Fewer kids learn about moose,” he said.ĭeer and moose weren’t made to share the forest.
As a result, the culture is shifting as well, he said. And tribal members harvest far more deer now because that’s what’s there. But on the reservation, deer now occupy a fourth of moose territory, said Seth Moore, the tribe’s environmental director. Moose was historically a primary source of meat and a cultural touchstone for the Ojibwe, and members of Swader’s tribe still hunt a few bulls on reservation and treaty lands. Tony Swader, a longtime hunter and a member of the Grand Portage band, said tribal elders recall seeing a few deer along the Pigeon River that forms the Canadian border, but anyone who was serious about hunting them used to have to go at least as far south as Duluth. Over the past 150 years, their numbers have risen along with the humans who built roads, cleared the trees, and created the open landscapes deer prefer. Bad neighbors Deer are relative newcomers to the northeast corner of Minnesota. Overall, wolves kill slightly more adult moose than the parasite, but a significant portion of those kills were moose already infected by deer parasites and vulnerable to attack, she said. “It’s really affecting our moose in the wild,” said Michelle Carstensen, who heads the state’s $2 million moose mortality project. But a parasitic brainworm that deer tolerate - and moose don’t - is either directly or indirectly related to one-fourth to one-third, perhaps more, of moose deaths, said the biologists leading the research. And the impact of climate change is still an open question. Wolves and bears eat their young and injure the adults.īloodsucking ticks, which survive shorter winters in ever-greater numbers, weaken them. They found that moose die for a lot of reasons. Between the two studies, about 83 carcasses, or parts of them, were extracted from the woods and trucked to the University of Minnesota for moose autopsies. Both relied on sophisticated satellite-connected GPS collars that tracked moose through their daily lives, and many to their deaths. The speed of their demise flummoxed biologists and launched some of the most ambitious moose research projects ever conducted - one by the DNR and another by the Grand Portage Band of Chippewa. But in the past 12 years their numbers plummeted, and the 4,000 or so that are left congregate in the Arrowhead region between the Boundary Waters Canoe Area and the North Shore. The huge animals used to roam across the top of the state, numbering more than 8,000 as recently as 2005. “I don’t know of anyone who purchased land to moose hunt.” Minnesota’s pine forest has always been the most southern edge of the moose country that stretches across the northern part of the continent. But solving that mystery creates a thornier one: How can state wildlife managers balance efforts to save the iconic moose with the demands of hunters who want more deer in Minnesota’s far North Woods? “Deer hunting brings in more money to the state than moose,” said Randy Bowe, a longtime hunter on the North Shore of Lake Superior and owner of a taxidermy business in Duluth. Parasites they carry into Minnesota’s North Woods have emerged as the leading cause of death for moose, state and tribal biologists have concluded. All episodes were downloaded from If you want more complete compilations.Īfter spending millions of dollars and tracking hundreds of moose with GPS collars, scientists have pinpointed the primary culprit behind the animal’s ever-shrinking numbers in Minnesota. Drown your ears to the sound of the shriveling of dead parasite bodies.
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